Variables in Go

Variables are used to store data in a program. In Go, variables are declared using the var keyword. The syntax for declaring a variable is:

package main
 
import "fmt"
 
// Declaring a variable
func main() {
	// One way to declare a variable
	var name string = "Swayam"
	fmt.Println(name)
 
	// Short hand declaration
	sirName := "Terode"
	fmt.Println(sirName)
 
	// Multiple variable declaration
	var (
		age int = 21
		year int = 2021
	)
	fmt.Println(age, year)
 
	// Multiple variable declaration with short hand
	var (
		roll int = 1
		branch string = "IT"
	)
	fmt.Println(roll, branch)
 
	// Declaring multiple variables with short hand
	rollNo, branchName := 1, "IT"
	fmt.Println(rollNo, branchName)
 
	// Declaring a variable with no value
	var address string
	address = "Pune"
	fmt.Println("\nAddress: ",address)
}

Let's break down the code

Declaring a variable

// One way to declare a variable
var name string = "Swayam"
fmt.Println(name)

• var name string = "Swayam": This is the syntax to declare a variable in Go. Here, name is the variable name, string is the data type of the variable, and "Swayam" is the value assigned to the variable.

Short hand declaration

// Short hand declaration
sirName := "Terode"
fmt.Println(sirName)

• sirName := "Terode": This is the short-hand declaration of a variable in Go. Here, sirName is the variable name, and "Terode" is the value assigned to the variable. The data type of the variable is inferred from the value assigned to it.

Multiple variable declaration

// Multiple variable declaration
var (
    age int = 21
    year int = 2021
)
fmt.Println(age, year)

• var ( ... ): This is the syntax to declare multiple variables in Go. Here, age and year are the variable names, int is the data type of the variables, and 21 and 2021 are the values assigned to the variables.

Multiple variable declaration with short hand

// Declaring multiple variables with short hand
rollNo, branchName := 1, "IT"
fmt.Println(rollNo, branchName)

• rollNo, branchName := 1, "IT": This is the short-hand declaration of multiple variables in Go. Here, rollNo and branchName are the variable names, and 1 and "IT" are the values assigned to the variables. The data types of the variables are inferred from the values assigned to them.

Declaring a variable with no value

// Declaring a variable with no value
var address string
address = "Pune"
fmt.Println("\nAddress: ",address)

• var address string: This is the syntax to declare a variable in Go without assigning a value to it. Here, address is the variable name, and string is the data type of the variable.

Output

Swayam
Terode
21 2021
1 IT
1 IT
 
Address:  Pune